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James Churchward
James Churchward (February 27, 1851 – January 4, 1936) is best known as a British born occult writer. However, he was also an inventor, engineer, and skilled fisherman. Churchward is most notable for proposing the existence of a lost continent, called Mu, in the Pacific Ocean. His writings on Mu are considered to be pseudoscience.〔Gardner, Martin. (1957). ''Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science''. Dover Publications. p. 170. ISBN 0-486-20394-8〕〔Fagan, Brian M. (1996). ''The Oxford Companion to Archaeology''. Oxford University Press. p. 582. ISBN 978-0195076189〕〔Williams, William F. (2000). ''Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience: From Alien Abductions to Zone Therapy''. Facts on File. p. 225. ISBN 978-0816033515〕〔Nunn, Patrick D. (2008). ''Vanished Islands And Hidden Continents Of The Pacific''. University of Hawaii Press. p. 123. ISBN 978-0824832193〕
==Life==
James was born in Bridestow, Okehampton, Devon at Stone House to Henry and Matilda (née Gould) Churchward. James had four brothers, George Gould (1839–1924), Matthew Henry (1841–1915), William Gould (1844–1913), and Albert (1852–1925), and four sisters, Matilda (b. 1846), Elizabeth (1849-?), Eleanor Steed (1847–1881), Heroine Roey(1854–1946). In November 1854, James' father died and the family moved to Matilda's parent's home Northcotts Cottage, in the hamlet of Kigbear, near Okehampton, Devon. Census records indicate the family next moved to London when James was 18 years of age after his grandfather George Gould died.
He was the elder brother of the Masonic author Albert Churchward (1852–1925.) He was a tea planter in Sri Lanka before coming to the US in the 1890s. In James' biography entitled ''My Friend Churchey and His Sunken Continent,'' he discussed Mu with Augustus Le Plongeon and his wife in the 1890s. He patented NCV Steel, armor plating to protect ships during World War I, and other steel alloys. After a patent-infringement settlement in 1914, James retired to his 7+ acre estate on Lake Wononskopomuc in Lakeville, Connecticut, to answer the questions from his Pacific travels. In 1926, at the age of 75, he published ''The Lost Continent of Mu: Motherland of Man'', which he claimed proved the existence of a lost continent, called Mu, in the Pacific Ocean.
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